Properties (Bolt) - CAESAR II - Help

CAESAR II Users Guide

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CAESAR II
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CAESAR II Version
13

Flange Dimension Lookup

Opens the Flange Dimension Lookup Dialog, which allows you to define general flange properties for weld neck flanges. The software then fills in flange and gasket dimensions with the closest standard size.

Material

Defines the bolt material. Click to open the Materials dialog box. Select a material from the list.

Effective Bolt Diameter (dBe)

Defines dBe, the effective bolt diameter. This is generally the nominal diameter minus threads.

Adapted from Figure 2, EN 1591-1:2001+A1, Flanges and their joints - Design rules for gasketed circular flange connections - Part 1: Calculation method

Nominal Bolt Diameter (dB0)

Defines dB0, the nominal diameter of the bolts.

Adapted from Figure 2, EN 1591-1:2001+A1, Flanges and their joints - Design rules for gasketed circular flange connections - Part 1: Calculation method

If you use Flange Dimension Lookup , the software defines a value for this field.

No. of Joint Remakes (RNR)

Defines nR, the number of times the flange is reassembled during its lifetime.

Number of Bolts (RnB)

Defines RnB, the number of bolts in the flange assembly.

If you use Flange Dimension Lookup , the software defines a value for this field.

Waisted Bolt Diameter (dBs)

Defines dBs, the shank diameter of the bolt after plastic deformation.

Adapted from Figure 2, EN 1591-1:2001+A1, Flanges and their joints - Design rules for gasketed circular flange connections - Part 1: Calculation method

Between Nuts Length (lB)

Defines lB, the fastened length of the bolt between nuts, or between the bolt head and the nut.

Adapted from Figure 2, EN 1591-1:2001+A1, Flanges and their joints - Design rules for gasketed circular flange connections - Part 1: Calculation method

Bolting-Up Method (Epsilon 1-)

Defines e1-, the scatter value of the initial bolt load below the target value. Scatter is due to the inherent inaccuracies of bolt tightening.



Tightening Method



Measuring Method

Factors
Affecting
Scatter

e1-
Scatter
Value

Manual with
standard ring wrench

Operator feel, uncontrolled

Friction
Stiffness
Qualification

0.3 + 0.5m

Impact wrench

Friction
Stiffness
Calibration

0.2 + 0.5m

Torque wrench

Measure torque

Friction
Lubrication
Calibration

0.1 + 0.5m

Hydraulic tensioner

Measure hydraulic pressure

Stiffness
Bolt length
Calibration

0.20

Wrench or
hydraulic tensioner

Measure bolt elongation

Stiffness
Bolt length
Calibration

0.15

Wrench

Measure turn of nut
(nearly to bolt yield)

Stiffness
Friction
Calibration

0.10

Wrench

Measure torque and turn of nut
(nearly to bolt yield)

Calibration

0.07

Adapted from Table GA.8-2, EN 13445-3:2014+A2:2016

Bolting-Up Method (Epsilon 1+)

Defines e1+, the scatter value of the initial bolt load above the target value. Scatter is due to the inherent inaccuracies of bolt tightening.



Tightening Method



Measuring Method

Factors
Affecting
Scatter

e1+
Scatter
Value

Manual with
standard ring wrench

Operator feel, uncontrolled

Friction
Stiffness
Qualification

0.3 + 0.5m

Impact wrench

Friction
Stiffness
Calibration

0.2 + 0.5m

Torque wrench

Measure torque

Friction
Lubrication
Calibration

0.1 + 0.5m

Hydraulic tensioner

Measure hydraulic pressure

Stiffness
Bolt length
Calibration

0.40

Wrench or
hydraulic tensioner

Measure bolt elongation

Stiffness
Bolt length
Calibration

0.15

Wrench

Measure turn of nut
(nearly to bolt yield)

Stiffness
Friction
Calibration

0.10

Wrench

Measure torque and turn of nut
(nearly to bolt yield)

Calibration

0.07

Adapted from Table GA.8-2, EN 13445-3:2014+A2:2016

Reduced Diameter Length (ls)

Defines ls, the length of the bolt where the diameter has been reduced after plastic deformation.

Adapted from Figure 2, EN 1591-1:2001+A1, Flanges and their joints - Design rules for gasketed circular flange connections - Part 1: Calculation method

Friction Coefficient (MU)

Defines m,the friction coefficient between the bolt and the flange.


Surface Condition

m
Friction Coefficient

Smooth, lubricated surfaces

0.10 to 0.15

Average, "normal" conditions

0.15 to 0.25

Rough, dry surfaces

0.20 to 0.35

Use the highest values for austenitic steels.